In Carnatic classical music, Melakarta ragas form the foundational framework for the entire melodic structure. These ragas, also known as Janaka ragas or parent scales, constitute a set of 72 fundamental scales from which countless other ragas are derived. Each Melakarta raga follows a specific pattern of seven notes (swaras), organized into ascending (aarohana) and descending (avarohana) sequences, allowing for a systematic exploration of melodic possibilities. The first 36 ragas are called Suddha (pure) Melakarta ragas, while the remaining 36 are known as Prati (opposite) Melakarta ragas, derived by reversing the order of swaras in the aarohana and avarohana. Each Melakarta raga has its unique identity, defined by its swara structure, intervals, and characteristic phrases, offering a rich palette for composers and performers to express a wide range of emotions and moods. Understanding Melakarta ragas is essential for both aspiring musicians and seasoned practitioners, as they provide a roadmap for composition, improvisation, and musical exploration, fostering a deep appreciation for the intricate beauty of Carnatic classical music.
Varijashree Venugopal, an Indian flautist and singer, commissioned these to be used in a course that she will be teaching on the 72 Melakarta ragas.